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Usefulness of syndromic data sources for investigating morbidity resulting from a severe weather event.

TitleUsefulness of syndromic data sources for investigating morbidity resulting from a severe weather event.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2011
AuthorsBaer, A, Elbert, Y, Burkom, HS, Holtry, R, Lombardo, JS, Duchin, JS
JournalDisaster Med Public Health Prep
Volume5
Issue1
Pagination37-45
Date Published2011 Mar
ISSN1938-744X
KeywordsAdolescent, Adult, Aged, Algorithms, Carbon Monoxide Poisoning, Child, Child, Preschool, Cluster Analysis, Data Collection, Disasters, Emergency Service, Hospital, Female, Geography, Humans, Infant, Male, Middle Aged, Population Surveillance, Retrospective Studies, Risk Assessment, Time Factors, Washington, Weather, Wind, Young Adult
Abstract

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated emergency department (ED) data, emergency medical services (EMS) data, and public utilities data for describing an outbreak of carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning following a windstorm.

METHODS: Syndromic ED data were matched against previously collected chart abstraction data. We ran detection algorithms on selected time series derived from all 3 data sources to identify health events associated with the CO poisoning outbreak. We used spatial and spatiotemporal scan statistics to identify geographic areas that were most heavily affected by the CO poisoning event.

RESULTS: Of the 241 CO cases confirmed by chart review, 190 (78.8%) were identified in the syndromic surveillance data as exact matches. Records from the ED and EMS data detected an increase in CO-consistent syndromes after the storm. The ED data identified significant clusters of CO-consistent syndromes, including zip codes that had widespread power outages. Weak temporal gastrointestinal (GI) signals, possibly resulting from ingestion of food spoiled by lack of refrigeration, were detected in the ED data but not in the EMS data. Spatial clustering of GI-based groupings in the ED data was not detected.

CONCLUSIONS: Data from this evaluation support the value of ED data for surveillance after natural disasters. Enhanced EMS data may be useful for monitoring a CO poisoning event, if these data are available to the health department promptly.

DOI10.1001/dmp.2010.32
Alternate JournalDisaster Med Public Health Prep
PubMed ID21402825