You are here
The response regulator SsrB activates expression of diverse Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 promoters and counters silencing by the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS.
Title | The response regulator SsrB activates expression of diverse Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 promoters and counters silencing by the nucleoid-associated protein H-NS. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2007 |
Authors | Walthers, D, Carroll, RK, Navarre, WWiley, Libby, SJ, Fang, FC, Kenney, LJ |
Journal | Mol Microbiol |
Volume | 65 |
Issue | 2 |
Pagination | 477-93 |
Date Published | 2007 Jul |
ISSN | 0950-382X |
Keywords | Animals, Bacterial Proteins, Base Sequence, DNA-Binding Proteins, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Gene Silencing, Genomic Islands, Macrophages, Membrane Proteins, Mice, Molecular Chaperones, Molecular Sequence Data, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Salmonella typhimurium, Transcription Factors, Transcriptional Activation |
Abstract | The two-component system SsrA-SsrB activates expression of a type III secretion system required for replication in macrophages and systemic infection in mice. Here we characterize the SsrB-dependent regulation of genes within Salmonella pathogenicity island 2 (SPI-2). Primer extension and DNase I footprinting identified multiple SsrB-regulated promoters within SPI-2 located upstream of ssaB, sseA, ssaG and ssaM. We previously demonstrated that ssrA and ssrB transcription is uncoupled. Overexpression of SsrB in the absence of its cognate kinase, SsrA, is sufficient to activate SPI-2 transcription. Because SsrB requires phosphorylation to relieve inhibitory contacts that occlude its DNA-binding domain, additional components must phosphorylate SsrB. SPI-2 promoters examined in single copy were highly SsrB-dependent, activated during growth in macrophages and induced by acidic pH. The nucleoid structuring protein H-NS represses horizontally acquired genes; we confirmed that H-NS is a negative regulator of SPI-2 gene expression. In the absence of H-NS, the requirement for SsrB in activating SPI-2 genes is substantially reduced, suggesting a role for SsrB in countering H-NS silencing. SsrB activates transcription of multiple operons within SPI-2 by binding to degenerate DNA targets at diversely organized promoters. SsrB appears to possess dual activities to promote SPI-2 gene expression: activation of transcription and relief of H-NS-mediated repression. |
DOI | 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05800.x |
Alternate Journal | Mol. Microbiol. |
PubMed ID | 17630976 |
Grant List | AI39557 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States AI44486 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States AI48622 / AI / NIAID NIH HHS / United States F32-GM68364 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States GM058746 / GM / NIGMS NIH HHS / United States |